63

The program aims to provide comprehensive education in law as an academic discipline. It aims to develop in students the capacity for in-depth appreciation of relevant subjects and of their importance and to train them to be excellent law practitioners.

The program is focused to realize students’ capabilities to identify and develop new opportunities and integrate theoretical knowledge with the capacity to apply such knowledge in practice with innovations and the practice of innovative leadership.

There will be formal final examinations and all work carried out in the program will be considered in the overall assessment. A satisfactory record of class work will also be required at each stage.

Admission Requirements

Minimum GPA 2.50 in both S.S.C. and H.S.C. or equivalent.

Duration of the Program

The duration of the program will be 4 (four) academic years.

Academic Year and Semester System

An academic year will be of three Semesters, 4 months duration under each Semester which will be allotted in the following manner: There will be time period of 16 weeks in which 14 weeks will be for instruction and 2 weeks for registration and examination.

The schedule of an academic year will be as follows:

Semester Title of the Semester Duration
Semester I Spring January – April
Semester II Summer May – August
Semester III Fall September – December
Total Credit Hours Requirement
Bachelor of Laws (LL.B) program consists of minimum 130 Credit Hours.
Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade Point

80 % and above

A+ (A Plus)

4.00

75% to less than 80 %

A (A Regular)

3.75

70 % to less than 75%

A- (A Minus)

3.50

65% to less than 70%

B+ (B Plus)

3.25

60% to less than 65%

B (B Regular)

3.00

55% to less than 60%

B- (B Minus)

2.75

50% to less than 55%

C+ (C Plus)

2.50

45% to less than 50%

C (C Regular)

2.25

40% to less than 45%

D

2.00

Less than 40%

F

0.00

Continuation for Thesis/Project

X

Evaluation Procedures

The evaluation system is based on class attendance, in course/class test, assignments/term papers, mid-term and final examination. No. of classes, class test and assignment/term paper will depend on respective course teacher. There will be a mid-term in the middle of the Semester. The distribution of marks is as follows:
Class Attendance                     :       10%
In course/ class test                 :       20%
Assignment/Term paper            :        10%
Mid-Term                                 :        30%
Semester Final                         :        30%

Lecture Hour per Course

The procedures of credit hour Trimester system will be practiced in the academic programs of VARENDRA UNIVERSITY having involvements of (14) weeks of instruction in each Semester and courses may have different credit hours having involvement of (14) instruction hour under each specific credit hour.

In this context, a 3 credit hour course running for 14 weeks will have 3×14= 42 hours of teaching.

Courses Structure

Topics Credits Houre
41 Courses x 3   123 Credit Hours
Viva Voce 3 Credit Hours
Project/Thesis Paper (Internship)  4 Credit Hours
Total  130 Credit Hours
 

Graduation

To obtain the Degree of Bachelor of Law (LL.B Honors) a student will have to complete minimum 130 Credit Hours with a minimum CGPA of 2.50 (From Spring-2023 session). If any student fails in any course he/she will get the opportunity to improve the grade by retaking the same in the subsequent Semester like all other students.

ENG 111: Composition

Sentence Skill – Diagnostic Test, Fragment, Runs, Punctuation, Capitalization, Pronoun Agreement & Reference, Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers

Reading Skill - Reading Comprehension-Skimming, Scanning & Inference, Tell Back, Reading Exercise, Vocabulary Building, Summarizing

Writing Skill - Important factors in writing: Prewriting, Outlining (Drafting) Revising, Editing, Proof Reading. Paragraph Development: Topic Sentence, Supporting Details, Closing Sentence. Paragraph Development: Paragraph Structure, Transitional Devices/Connectives, Patterns of Paragraph Development.

Con-112: Law of contract

Preliminary: Evolution of contract law, object and function of contract law, promise, agreement-Meaning, elements and characteristics of Contract- Basis of Contract.  Classification of Contract, including the Standard form Contract.

Offer and acceptance: Proposal: Meaning, Elements Characteristics and Kinds of proposal-Distinction between Proposal and Invitation to Proposal. Acceptance-Meaning, Modes and Characteristics of Acceptance.  Communication, revocation and termination of proposal and acceptance.

Consideration: Meaning, definition and Elements of Consideration-Significance and adequacy of consideration-Unlawful consideration and object-Concept of stranger to contract.

Capacity to Contract: Who cannot make a contract:-Who is minor-The place of minor under the Law of Contract- Persons of unsound mind, nature of contract by person of unsound mind-Persons deprived of the capacity to contract.

Free consent:  Meaning of consent and free consent-.Factors rendering consent not free and their effect upon the validity of contract— Coercion, undue influence, misrepresentation, fraud, and mistake.

Void, voidable and illegal Agreements: Agreements in restraint of marriage- freedom of trade and right to initiate legal proceedings-Agreements involving uncertainty, wager and impossibility.

Legality of Object and Consideration:  Meaning of object and consideration-Grounds in which contracts are held to be unlawful-.Doctrine of public policy-Fate of contract unlawful in part

Contingent Contract and quasi- contract: Contingent contract, conditions of quasi contract, collateral event- Certain relations resembling to those created by Contract (Quasi contract), rationality of quasi- contract.

Performance of Contract: Who is liable to perform? Joint rights and joint liability and performance of reciprocal promises-Time, place and manner of performance-Discharge from liability to perform the contract- Apportion of Payment.

Breach of Contract: Meaning and kinds-Remedies for breach of contract-Damages, Measure of damages and remoteness of damage -Specific Performance of contract and Injunctions under Specific Relief Act.

Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee: Meaning: Distinction between indemnity and guarantee and kinds of guarantee-Rights of Indemnity holder-Rights of the Surety, Extent of the Liability of the Surety-Discharge of liability of the Surety.

 

JURI 113: Jurisprudence

Jurisprudence:

Jurisprudence: Definition, nature and scope, Law: Definition, kinds and classification, Law and morality, Administration of justice, Sources of law, Legal rights and duties, Ownership, Possession, Liability, Title, Person, Property, Law of obligations, Procedural and Substantive law.

Theories of law: Schools of jurisprudence, Natural School, Legal positivism, pure theory of law, Historical School, Philosophical School, Socialist school, Realist School.

EFL 114: English for Law

Needs assessments,Command of Language in the profession of the Law, Plan Language in the Law, Legal language in different contests; judgment, Plant, Written statement and Writ, Statutes, idioms and phrases, Latin phraseology.

ML 121: Muslim Law

The sources & origin of Muslim Law—Primary, Material & Equitable sources, pre-Islamic Arabian Custom & its effect on Islamic Law. The Concept of Islamic Jurisprudence – The Concept of Sharia & Fiqh and different schools of thoughts in Muslim Law. Development of Islamic Law in different periods. Legislative development in Muslim Law in Bangladesh & its application. Marriage — Essential requirements & prohibitions, forms& legal effects, registration of marriage and Polygamy. Dissolution of Marriage — Forms & legal effects, Talaq, Ila, Zihar, Talaq-e-tawfid, Khula, Mubaraa, Lien & Faskh,Custody & Guardianship, Mahr or Dower, Maintenance or Nafaqa, Muslim Succession & Property Law– Gift, Will, Wakf, Pre-emption, and Inheritance.

 

TORT 122: Law of Torts

Preliminary: Definition of torts- the nature and scope and objectives of tort law; the range of interests protected by tort law; comparison with law of contract and criminal law- Applicability of tort law in Bangladesh

General principles, Parties and General Defenses: Damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damno, mens rea in tort action, remoteness of damages, reasonable man-Who can sue and be sued, volenti non fit injuria, statutory authority, act of god, inevitable accident, inevitable mistake etc.

Intentional tort and unintentional torts: Relationship between the intentional torts and the tort of negligence; intentional torts including, trespass to the person and to land; the intentional infliction of harm, sexual harassment; interference with goods; reference will be made to some offences which are similar to nominate torts, e.g., assault, battery, false imprisonment, malicious prosecution and conversion- malfeasance, misfeasance and nonfeasance- trespass ab initio.

Negligence: Definition, elements, duty of care, Standard of care-Donoghue vs. Stevenson Principle- proof of absence of care- damage – causation and remoteness-  contributory negligence; voluntary assumption of risk; exclusion of liability-limitation period- last opportunity rule- Res Ipsa Loquitar- Doctrine of Identification

Vicarious liability-Employers’ liability-Liability of the government -Breach of statutory duty-Occupiers’ liability- product Liability

Nuisance – public and private, elements of nuisance, special damage, twenty years prescription, 45 degree rule, not defenses- law of nuisance in Bangladesh.

Absolute liability: Rylands v Fletcher Rule, Extension of the rule, exceptions to the rule, Rylands Rule vs. nuisance, sceinter rule, liability for dangerous animals.

Economic torts: Deceit, conspiracy, breach of confidential information, passing off, Injurious falsehood, intimidation, gherao and picketing, invasion of privacy and other emerging torts.

Defamation: Definition, elements- publication, reference of plaintiff, defamatory statement Kinds- libel and slander- innuendo- Defenses- privilege, fair comment, justification, defamation on the internet, group defamation- tension between defamation law and freedom of expression- present state of defamation law in Bangladesh

Remedies and discharge:  Damages, injunctions, restitution, accounting for profits, declaratory relief, abatement of nuisance and representative actions- comparison of remedies with those of available under the law of contract- discharge of torts.

 

LH 123: Legal History (Indian Sub Continent from 1757 AD)

Law and Legislative system. Judicial system in India sub-Continent: Hindu Period and Muslim Period. The Mayors Court and Regulating Act,1773. Laws and British Period, Landmarks Cases in British India. Historical Development of Courts: Different Stages. East India Company and the British Administration in Bengal. Judicial system during the British rule till 1947. Progress of Judicial reform in different Governor General’s Regime Privy Council and Federal Court. Influence of English Common Law and Equity in India High court and the Supreme court in Pakistan and India (1947 to 1971).

ENG 122: Public Speaking

Introduction of the course: Brief history of Public Speaking, The value of Public Speaking

Speaking in Public: The power of Public Speaking, Similarities between Public Speaking and Conversation, Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class, Public Speaking and Critical Thinking, The Speech Communication Process

Ethics and Public Speaking: The Importance of Ethics, Guidelines for Ethical Speaking, Plagiarism

Effective listening:  Listening is Important, Listening is a Process, How to Become a Better Listener, Responsibility of Listeners, Ethical dimension: Responsibility of Speakers

Researching and Analyzing Speeches.

 

HL 132: Hindu Law

Nature and application of Hindu Law, Sources of Hindu Law, schools of Hindu law, Mitakshara, Dayabhaga Schools, their fundamental differences, Law relating to inheritance, succession of males and females,

Law relating to: marriage, guardianship and custody of the children, adoption, will, debts and partition, position of karta of a joint family, his rights and obligation, maintenance, Stridhana and women’s estate, inheritance of stridhana, religious and charitable endowments, comparative study of Hindu Law in Bangladesh and India.

 

LS 133: Legal System of Bangladesh

Definition of legal system, Features of the legal system of Bangladesh and Britain, Historical overview: Administration of Justice during the Moghal, British, Pakistani and Bangladeshi periods, Sources of law, Direct and subordinate legislation, precedent, ratio decidendi  , and obiter dicta. Custom, Categories of law: private, public, substantive, and procedural. Branches of law, Classification of Courts, Power and functions of the Civil, Criminal, Special Courts and Tribunals, Jurisdiction of Courts: Territorial, Pecuniary, Subject-matter. Appellate, Review, Revision, Independence of judiciary, Enforcement of Law, Public interest litigation, Legal aid and NGOs.

 

EQT 211: Law of Equity and Trust

Law of Equity

Common Law Origin and Development of Equity. Nature and Definition of Equity: Courts of Equity: Composition Powers and Functions of the Courts of Equity. Application of Equity Jurisdiction in Bangladesh. Relation between Law and Equity: Equitable Estate and its Relation to Legal Estate. Twelve Maxims of Equity, Their  implications and applicability in Bangladesh in different statutes. Equitable Remedies: Specific Performance. Injunction and Receiver. Nature and Definition of Benami Transaction. Tests of Benami Transaction, Limitations of Benami Transactions, Benami Transaction and Doctrine of Advancement

 

CONST 212: Constitutional Law of Bangladesh

Meaning of Constitution, Classification of Constitution, Different methods of adopting a Constitution, Difference between Constitution and Constitutional Law. The concept of supremacy of the Constitution—Bangladesh perspective. Framing history of Constitution of Bangladesh—the Interim Constitution of Bangladesh—The Proclamation of Independence 1971 and Provisional Constitution Order, 1972. Features of Constitution of Bangladesh, 1972. The preamble of the Constitution of Bangladesh—its status, judicial view on preamble in light of Kesavananda Bharti and 8th Amendment case. Fundamental principles of State Policy—Judicial view, why socio-economic rights are part of Fundamental Principles of State Policy, difference with Fundamental Rights. Fundamental Rights under Bangladesh Constitution and their enforcement. Doctrine of Positive Discrimination under Bangladesh Constitution. The Executive—Powers and Functions of the President. Ordinance making powers of the President. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The Legislature—powers and functions. The Judiciary- Jurisdiction of the Appellate Division and the High Court Division. The Concept of Independence of Judiciary –How far the Judiciary of Bangladesh is Independent (In light of Masder Hossain’s Case). The Basic Structure Doctrine under the Bangladesh Constitution in light of 8th Amendment Case.The doctrine of judicial review—Bangladesh, UK, USA perspective. The concept of PIL—Bangladesh Perspective. Amendments of the Constitution—A brief discussion on 14 Amendments. The Caretaker Government under the Bangladesh Constitution. The concept of preventive detention and the provision of preventive detention under the Bangladesh Constitution. Writ, various kinds of writ under the Bangladesh Constitutional framework. Ombudsman under Bangladesh Constitution. Ministerial Responsibility under Bangladesh Constitution. Local Government under Bangladesh Constitution. Emergency provision under the Bangladesh Constitution. The concept of Constitutionalism—Bangladesh perspective. The Defense Service. The Attorney General. The Administrative Tribunal. The Election Commission. Miscellaneous provision of Bangladesh Constitution.

 

MIS     123: Computer Concept

Introduction to Computer: Introduction, types and generation of computers, basic organization and functional units, hardware and software, microcomputer-system unit, mother board, system bus, interface cards, multimedia PC. Number systems: Binary, decimal, octal and hexadecimal numbers, conversion between different number systems; BCD and ASCII code, Binary arithmetic, integer and floating point number representations, logic functions. Microcomputers and microprocessors: Microcomputer organization, basics of microprocessors, popular microprocessors.

Input, output and memory devices: Keyboard, punched card, mouse, OMR, OCR, MICR, CD-ROM, different types of printers, CRT’s, computer microfilm, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tape and other input output devices. Software: types of software, examples of operating system software – DOS, Windows and UNIX,  system utilities, classification of application software, package programs,  machine language, assembly language, high level language, mid-level Selection, Compilers, Interpreters, Programming language, Pseudo code, algorithm and flowchart, Precaution and maintenance of computers.

 

PART 214: Law of Agency, Bailment and Partnership

Contracts of Bailment and Pledge: Meaning and kinds of contracts of Bailment-Bailment without consideration- Rights and duties of bailee and bailer-Termination of Contract of Bailment-Contract of Pledge-meaning and definition Pledge by unauthorized persons.

Contract of Agency: Definition, kinds and modes of creation of Agency-Relation between: (a) The Principal and agent (b) The Principal and third party and (c) The agent and the third party-Determination of agent’s authority-(i) By act of parties; and (ii) By operation of Law-Irrevocable authority.

Law of Partnership: Meaning, definition, nature, test, formation and the characteristics of contract of partnership -Distinction between: (i) Co-ownership and partnership (ii) Joint Hindu Family Firm and Partnership; and (iii) Company and Partnership-Position of Minor -Relations interse of parties and relation of Partners with third parties –implied authority: mutual rights and liabilities–Registration of Partnership firm and effects of registration -Dissolution of a firm and consequences.

 

CONST 221: Constitutional Law of UK & USA

The UK Constitution:

Origin of British Laws. History of British Laws. Features of British constitution: written-unwritten. Development of British constitution. British Monarchy. Royal Prerogatives.

Constitutional Convention. Parliamentary Supremacy: Separation of Powers. The Cabinet: Responsible Government: Ministerial Responsibility. House of Lords. House of Commons. Electoral laws. Parliamentary Privileges. Judicial Review of Administrative actions and Natural justice. Rule of law and the Human rights.

The US Constitution

Salient features of the US constitution. Philosophy of the constitution: separation of powers. Fundamental Rights of citizens and sovereignty of the people. Development of American Constitution. Political Parties. Executive Branch: Legislative Branch: Judicial Branch. Relation between the states. Procedure of Amendment of the constitution. Major Amendments. Comparison between the UK and the US constitution.

LABOR-222  Labour  Laws of Bangladesh

Introduction,History,scope and objectives of Labour Act,Appointment and conditions of Employment, Employment of young persons,Maternity Welfare Facilities,Health and Hygiene,Sefety, Welfare Measures,Working Hours and Leave,Wages, Wages Board,Compensation for Injury caused by Accident,Trade union and Industrial  Relations,Settlement of Disputes, Labour courts, LabourAppellate Tribunal,Legal Procedings,Workers participation in companies Profits,Safty and control of Employment of Dock Workers,Provided Fund,Apprenticeship,Offence,Penalties and Procedure,Authorities of Administration and Inspection.

 

FIS-223: Fiscal Laws of Bangladesh

Direct taxes and indirect taxes- Income Tax; History of income tax in Bangladesh-Income tax Ordinance 1984- Definitions: Agricultural income, Annual value-Assessment, Assessment year and income year, capital assets and capital gains, company and dividend, fair market value- total income and taxable income- Assessee, classification of assessment, residential status, tax payer identification, pre-requisites for investment tax credit, submission of return of income, provisional assessment, emergency assessment, self-assessment, advance payment of tax, heads of income, adjudication– Income tax authority: Judicial authority and Administrative authority- powers, functions and jurisdictions, appeal, references– agricultural income- interest on securities- bond washing-income from house property-income from business or profession-capital gain- income from other sources- different types of assessment- tax invasion-tax avoidance-double taxation relief- black money- gift tax – Value Added Tax

SOC-113: Bangladesh Studies

Historical background of Bangladesh, Nature of state, Geography, Demography, Natural Resources and Human resources, Society and culture, Government-Judiciary, administrative and legislative. Legal and business environment in Bangladesh. Socio economic condition of Bangladesh.  The impact of GATT &WTO on our economy. Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. Industrialization and sick Industries i our economy. Investment-FDI, Budget, Financial System of Bangladesh, Globalization, Privatization & E-commerce, Development of infrastructure, Income distribution and poverty alleviation, Macro-economic adjustment policies suggested b World bank/Structural Adjustment Policies (SAP).

 

TP 231: Law of Transfer of Property

Definition, object and extent of applicability, transfer of property, classification of property, transfer of movable and immovable property, valid and invalid conditions & limitations on transport, vested interest and contingent interest, condition precedent and condition subsequent.

Part performance, exchanges, gift, easement, mortgage of immovable property, rights, kinds and liabilities of mortgagor and mortgagee, priority, Doctrine of Marshalling and Contribution, Doctrine of Redemption, Lease of immovable property.

INT 232: Basic Principles of International Law

Origin, Nature and Development of International law. Public International Law and Private Int. Law, Difference between Public Int. Law and Private International Law. Subjects of Public Int. Law and Private International Law. Theories as to Basis of International Law. Law of Nature and Positivism. Classification of Public Int. Law. School of Int. Law–Naturalist and Positivist school Neo-Grotius School. Ancient Int. Law. Sources of International Law–Formal and Material sources of Law.

International Treaties and Conventions. International Customs as Evidence as if a general practice and accepted as law. General Principles of law recognized by civilized nations-Decisions of judicial or arbitral tribunals and works of the Jurists. Relation between International law and Municipal law. Theories as to the Relation between International law and Municipal law–Monistic Theory-Dualistic Theory. Transformation of Int. law to municipal law. State practice as to operation of International law within Municipal sphere. (UK, USA, Bangladesh Practice). Subjects of International law–States as principal subject of International law, Individual persons as subjects of International law.

SR 233: Law of Specific Relief and Limitation

Law of Specific Relief

Specific Relief how given and when not accorded, Nature of preventative relief, Specific Relief Recovering Possession of Property, Specific performance of contracts, Rescission of instrument, Rectification of Instrument, Cancellation of the instruments, ‘Declaratory decrees, Enforcement of public duties, Preventive Relief: Injunction.

Governing Legislation

Specific Relief Act, 1877 (Govt. Publication) with up to date amendment.

B. Law of Limitation

Object of law of limitation; Limitation and prescription; Objective, interpretation and application of statutes of limitations; Waiver of limitation; Limitations of suits; Appeals and applications; Computation of period of limitations; Grounds of exemption from extension of period of limitations; Suspension of limitation; Acquisition of ownership by possession; Acquisition of easement rights; Limitation in suits for recovery of land; Saving acknowledgement; Adverse possession; Effect of fraud and acknowledgement on limitation;

INT 311: Jurisdiction in International Law

  • Codification and progressive development of International law
  • State Jurisdiction
  • Criminal Jurisdiction of State
  • State Responsibility
  • Principle of Objective state responsibility “Risk Theory”
  • Principle of Subjective State Responsibility “ Fault Theory”
  • Treatment of Aliens
  • Expropriation of alien property
  • Asylum and extradition
  • State succession- rights and obligations of predecessor and successor states.
  • Law of Aviation/ Air/Space law
  • The law of the sea–Territorial sea, Contiguous zone, Exclusive Economic Zone, High sea and deep sea bed, Continental Shelf
  • Diplomatic envoys and consular law
  • Special Diplomatic Missions
  • Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges
  • The law of treaties.
  • Peaceful and forcible settlement of international disputes.
  • Intervention & Use of force in International relation
  • The United Nations- its Organs
  • Function of six organs of UN
  • Role of General assembly, Security Council, and ICJ in settling international disputes
  • Contribution of UN in the development of International law.
  • Role of ICJ in development of International law.
  • The ICC.
  • International Tribunals and operation of municipal law.
  • Laws of war and neutrality.
  • Terrorism in International Law
  • International Environmental Law.

CPC 312: Code of Civil Procedure (I)

Procedure and substantive law, organization of Civil Courts in Bangladesh, Civil and Revenue Courts, scope and application of the Civil Procedure Code, structure of the Code, inherent power of Courts, Code not exhaustive, suits and other civil proceedings, jurisdiction of  courts, institution of suits and proceedings, place of suing, parties to the suits, service of summons on defendant, recognized agents and advocates, plaint, written statement, appearance of parties and consequences of non-appearance,  examination of parties, discovery, admission, production, impounding and return of documents, framing of issues, summoning and attendance of witnesses, hearing of the suit, examination of witnesses, judgment, decree, execution, appeal, review, revision, and reference.

PDR 314: Law of Registration & Recovery of public Demand

Law of Registration:

The registration-establishment, Registrable documents: Documents of which registration is compulsory and optional Time of presentation, Place of registration, Presenting documents for registration, Enforcing the appearance of executants and witnesses, Presenting wills and authorities to adopt, Deposit and disposal of wills, Effect of registration, and non‑registration Duties and powers of registering officers, Refusal to register, Remedies available in the events of refusal to register Fees for registration, searches and copies, Penalties.

COMPANY 313: Company Law

History of Company laws Beginning from The Crown Till the Passing of Company’s Act, 1994. The Nature of Legal Personality and Lifting of Veil of Incorporation. Advantages and Disadvantages of Companies with References to Decided Cases. The Formation of the Company: The Preparation and Submission of the Memorandum and Articles of Association. The Duties and Liabilities of Promoters. The Requirements for Prospectuses and Liabilities thereof. Different Types of Companies. The Role of Registrar of Companies. Majority Rule and Minority Protection. Fraud on Minority. Memorandum of Association. The Relation between Company and Outsiders: The Doctrine of Ultra Vires. Liability of Company and Directors for Ultra Vires Acts. Turquand Rule. Alteration of Objects. Constructive notice and Indoor Management. The commission of torts by the Company. Vicarious Liability and the Alter Ego Doctrine. Article of Association and Alteration of Articles. The relation between the Company and Its Members and among the Members Inter se. Directors: Appointment, Dismissal, Disqualification, Duties, Powers and Limitations. Managing Director. Management of the Company: Meeting, Voting and Resolutions. Division of Functions among Officers and Organs of the Company. Shares and Debentures and Registration. Different Classes of Shares. Rights of Different Classes and the Variation of Share Rights. Capital: Raising, Maintaining, and Reducing the Capital. Discounts, Premiums, Payment of Dividends and Purchase by the Company of Its Shares. Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel, Doctrine of Estoppel. Doctrine of actio personalis moritur cum persona. Doctrine of election. Doctrine of Piecing the veil

Doctrine of Rule in Foss vs. Harbottle. Doctrine of Dolus Malus. Doctrine of onus of proof. Winding -Up: Types of Winding-Up. Powers and Duties of the Liquidator.

 

LAND 321: Land Laws of Bangladesh

History of Land Laws: grant of Dewani-the Bengal Zemindars, their growth and incidents; Law relating to Permanent Settlement: Defect of the Laws. Revenue Laws: Law relating to revenue-free lands –origin of revenue freegrants-special provision regarding lands held in lieu of service; policy of the East India Company in this respect. Law relating to under tenures-Patni taluks and their incidents.

Law relating to alluvium and Diluvium-ownership of new chars or islands-Reformation in situ-fishery rights. Law relating to Landlords and Tenants: Short history of Tenancy Laws-extent and application-classes of tenants. Law relating to abolition of Zamindary system: Acquisition of rent receiving interests by the State: Definitions of who is and who is not a rent-receiver. Special provisions for the acquisition of interests of certain rent-receivers. Preparation of record of rights for assessment of compensation; Provisions as to enhancement and reduction of rent; amalgamation, sub-division and consolidation of holdings; Maintenance of the record of rights; jurisdiction-appeal, revision and review.

 

CPC 322: Code of Civil Procedure (II)

Special procedure in particular classes of suit, pauper suits, inter-pleader suits, appeals from decrees and orders, temporary injunction, withdrawal and adjustment of suits, commission, arrest and attachment before judgment, appointment of receivers, appeals to the Supreme Court of Bangladesh.

Law on Court Fees and Suit Valuation: nature and purposes of the law, fees payable in courts and in public offices, computation of fees, probates, letters of administration and certificate of administration, process fees: C.R.O provisions on process fees, reduction and remission of court fees, miscellaneous costs and charges.

Miscellaneous schedules: Ad Valorem fees, fixed fees, rules determining the value of land, valuation of relief in certain suits relating to land, court fee value and jurisdictional value to the same in certain suits, determination of value of certain suits by the Supreme Court, supplemental provisions.

ML 323: Mercantile Law

Law of Sale of Goods: Definition and essentials of a contract of sale, sale and agreement to sale, Formation of contract, Subject matters of contract , Price and fixing, of price, Implied& conditions and warranties, Passing of property , Sale of specific goods, Sale on approval and sale of uncertain goods, Transfer of risk, Transfer of title , performance of the contract, Rights of unpaid seller against goods, Remedies for breach of contract seller’s remedies against buyer, buyer’s remedies against seller, Provisions of auction sale.

Carriage of Goods by Sea: Introduction, Charter Parties, Bills of Lading, Seaworthiness, Deviations, Bills of Lading Act 1856, Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1925, The Hague-Visby Rules, Freight, General and Particular Average.

 

Carriage of Goods by Land, Railways and Air: Introduction, Common Carriers Act 1865, Railways Act 1890, Carriage by Air Act 1934.

Law of Insurance: Introduction, Insurable Interest, Proposal, Cover Note, Acceptance, Uberimae Fidei, Premium, Policy; Loss, Doctrine of Proximate Cause, Claim, Payment, Subrogation.

Law of Negotiable Instruments: Introduction, Holder and Holder in Due Course, Negotiation, Capacity of Parties, Liability of Parties, Maturity, Presentment, Payment, Dishonor, Discharge.

Law of Bankruptcy: Meaning of bankruptcy, who can be adjudged bankrupt, Acts of Bankruptcy, Bankruptcy proceedings, Composition and scheme of   arrangement.

 

INTPT 334: General Clauses Act and Interpretation of Statutes
The General Clauses Act, 1897: Object of the Act, General definitions, Application of certain definitions to all Bangladesh laws, General rules of construction, Powers and functionaries, Provisions as to orders, rules, etc., made under enactment, Miscellaneous provisions.

Interpretation of Statutes: Definition of statutes, Forms and types of statutes, Difference between statutes  and other laws, Interpretation and construction, approach to interpretation -Necessity of interpretation, maxims of interpretation-types of interpretation- historical, grammatical, teleological, jurisprudential, purposive, sociological, rules of interpretation- literal rules, golden rules and mischief rules, working papers-  Comparison between interpretation of statutes, interpretation of constitution and interpretation of international treaties, some examples of interpretation of statutes from case laws.

 

BANK 331: Banking and Securities Laws

Banking Laws:

Business of the bank companies—

  • restrictions on some business
  • disposal of assets not listed in banking business
  • prohibition of employment of managing agents and restrictions on specific forms of employment
  • restriction relating to removal of document and records requirement of minimum paid-up capital and reserve fund

Directors and Shareholders –

  • regulation as to paid-up capital, subscribed capital, authorized capital
  • voting rights of shareholders
  • restrictions on purchase of shares of banks etc,
  • the election of new directors, restriction regarding tenure of post of directors, vacation of the post of directors
  • restrictions on payment of loans and advances
  • restriction on the directors of the indebted company
  • list of indebtors in default etc,
  • restriction relating to remission of debts
  • special provisions regarding bad debt
  • power of the Bangladesh Bank to regulate advances by the bank company
  • jurisdiction of court as to rates of interest
  • license of bank companies
  • maintenance of liquid capital
  • illegal transaction by Banking Companies etc.

Money Laundering and Bankruptcy—

  • prohibition on certain activities in relation to bank companies
  • acquisition of undertaking of bank companies
  • suspension of business and winding up of bank companies
  • speedy disposal of winding up procedure
  • power and jurisdiction of Money Laundering Court
  • settlement of dispute in the alternative manner under Money Laundering Court
  • execution of order of Money Laundering Court
  • appeal and revision in Money Laundering Court
  • constitution, power and procedure of Bankruptcy Court
  • Act of Bankruptcy, plaint, adjudication etc.
  • Order of Adjudication
  • interim proceedings consequent upon order of adjudication
  • Annulment of Adjudication
  • composition and arrangements and reorganization
  • discharged and undercharged bankrupts
  • administration of property-methods of proof of debts
  • effects of bankruptcy of previous transactions\
  • realization of property
  • offences and penalties under Bankruptcy Act
  • disqualification of undercharged Bankrupt
  • summary administration of estate.

Appeal and Review –

  • miscellaneous provisions under Bankruptcy Act
  • composition and jurisdiction of Artha Rin Adalat
  • implementation of decree by Artha Rin Adalat
  • appeal and review

Securities Laws:

History and Background –

  • historical background of securities laws in Bangladesh
  • civil liability, causation, purchaser seller requirement under Securities and Exchange Ordinance
  • issue of capital

Shares –

  • lock in and minimum lot of shares
  • penalty for certain refusal or failure
  • powers of SEC

Prohibition and Restrictions –

  • credit, pledging and lending of customer’s securities
  • false statements
  • fraudulent acts and penalty
  • cognizance of proof, burden of proof
  • maintenance of secrecy
  • registration and regulation of stock exchanges
  • accounts, annual reports, returns, cancellation of registration, compulsory listing, eligibility of registration, Listing of securities. Regulation of issuers
  • prohibition of short selling, regulation of proxies, submission of returns, submission of statements of beneficial owners of shares
  • trading by directors, officers and principal shareholders – securities in good faith

SEC –

  • constitution and office of Securities and Exchange Commissioner
  • delegation of powers, enquiry by Commission, functions of Commission, Government’s power to give directions, Governments rule making power, Meetings of Commission
  • penalty for Contravention, Cognizance of offence and Appeal
  • registration with Commission, registration certificate
  • Stock Broker Rule
  • Insider Trading in Bangladesh.

TRADE 332: Law of International Trade

International Trade Terms, INCO Terms in the Law of International Trade; International Sale Contracts: CIF ‑ Obligation of the CIF seller; Duties of the buyer; duties of the seller of CIF contract; FOB Contract ‑ Duties and obligation of the parties; FAS contracts Other forms of contract in international trade; contracts for the international sale of goods in bulk, contracts of sale involving road, rail, and/or air transport, payment in international sale transactions, Financing of International Trade: documentary bills, documentary credits, standby credits, performance bond and guarantees, other financing methods, export credit guarantees, Transnational credit agreements, Contemporary issues in the area of international banking and finance law issuing bank and corresponding Bank; Insurance against contract in international trade; Conflict of Laws; Arbitration; UN Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods; GATT / WTO and International Trade.

CL 333: Comparative Law

Meaning, Nature and Classification of comparative law. Origin and development. Nature Definition, Classification, Comparative law and Foreign law, Purposes of Comparative Law. Major Legal Systems of the world. Problems arising during the study of foreign law, Factors. Explaining resemblances and differences between legal systems. The common core of legal systems and the presumption similitude, Classification of legal systems.

Common Law – English Revolution and the evolution of common law. Basic principles and traditions of common law. Features of Anglo American Law.

Civil Law – French Revolution and the volition of civil law, Characteristics of civil law.

Socialist Law – Socialist concept of law, source of law concept of socialist legality. Disintegration of socialist states and transformation of legal systems in Eastern Europe, Scandinavian Legal system as a model.

CRIME 411: Criminology

Elementary Issues Concerning Crime and Criminology: Nature and Objects of Criminology, Methods of Criminology. Crime: Definitions of Crime and Offence, Schools of Criminology: Biological Explanation, Genetic Science and Challenges for Judges and Lawyers, Theory of Anomie, Psychological Explanation, Economic Explanation, Sociological Explanation. Female Criminality, Criminal Gangs Organized for Power and Money, White-collar Criminality, Sex Crime, Alcoholism and drug addiction, Cyber Crime, Forms of Punishment, Theories of Punishment, Criminal Justice System of Bangladesh, Penal Policy of Bangladesh, Constitutional Rights as to Detention and Trial, The Police System, Juvenile  Justice System, The Prison System, Principles of Sentencing, Probation, Parole and other Modes of Sentencing.

PL 412: Penal Laws

Crimes and civil injuries, origin and development of Criminal Law, essential elements of crime, guilty mind, grounds of exemption from criminal responsibility, joint liability, presumption of innocence, mistake of fact and mistake of law, general exceptions, attempts, abetment and conspiracy, punishment: its objects and limit.

Specific offences: (a) offences against the state and other public interest (b) offences affecting the human body: homicide, murder, causing miscarriage, concealment of birth, exposure of infant, diminished responsibility and suicide. Non-fatal offences against person: hurt, grievous hurt, criminal force, assault, wrongful restraint and confinement, kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour, rape and unnatural offences. Offences relating to property: theft, extortion, dacoity, criminal misappropriation of property, criminal breach of trust, stolen property, cheating, mischief, criminal trespass and forgery. Other interest of the individuals: offences relating to marriage, defamation, criminal intimidation, insult, prejudicial act and annoyance.

CRPC 413: Law of Criminal Procedure (I)

Constitution and power of criminal courts, arrest of persons, process to compel appearance, process to compel production of things, maintenance of public order and tranquility, preventive action of police, the information to police and the process of investigation, jurisdiction of criminal courts in inquiries and trials, initiation of proceedings, complaints to magistrates, charge, trial  of cases by magistrates, summery trials, trials before courts of sessions, mode of taking and recording evidence, judgment, death sentence confirmation

EVID 414: Law of Evidence

Introduction: Object of reading law of evidence, history, The Evidence Act, 1872- definitions

Fundamental Concepts: Relevancy and admissibility- discretionary exclusion- weight

Circumstantial Evidence: circumstantial evidence generally-lies-failure to call a witness or to give evidence-similar fact evidence: an introduction  

Judge and Jury:  law and fact- judge and jury  

Burden and Standard of Proof: evidential and legal burden-civil and criminal standard of proof

Substitutes for Evidence:  presumptions- judicial notice

Witnesses:  competence & compellability- refreshing memory–special measures (children & adults) – self-incrimination

The Course of Evidence:  trial chronology- examination of witness- prior consistent statements- hostile witness cross-examination- further evidence

The Hearsay Rule: Hearsay rule-common law exceptions-statutory exceptions (excluding confessions)

Unreliable Evidence: Confessions to police- cell-confessions by the mentally handicapped- Identification – children- sexual offence victim- accomplice- repressed memory evidence and hypnosis  

Legal Professional Privilege: Legal advice privilege- litigation privilege

Character Evidence:  Accused’s good and bad character- Other character evidence  

Documentary Evidence: Weight of evidence-exclusion of oral by documentary evidence.

Opinion Evidence: layman’s-expert opinion- Doctrine of estoppel, privilege of communication

CRPC 421: Law of Criminal Procedure (II)

Appeal, reference,  revision, execution, suspension, remission, commutation of sentences, provisions as to bail and bonds, maintenance of wives and children, public prosecutor, irregular proceedings, prevention of offences, security for keeping the peace, unlawful assemblies, public nuisance, disputes to immovable property, preventive action of the police, miscellaneous provisions.

AD 422: Administrative Law

Preliminary: Definition, nature and scope, historical development- USA, England, Bangladesh, constitutional law and administrative law -Basic Constitutional Principles: Rule of law, separation of powers- Classification of Administrative Action-needs for classification- executive, legislative and judiciary, quasi-judicial functions- Delegated Legislation: Definition, reasons for growth , delegated legislation in England, USA, Bangladesh, permissible and impermissible delegation, control and safeguards, substantive ultra vires and procedural ultra vires- Natural Justice: Meaning, growth, principles of natural justice-bias, Audi alterum partem ,reasoned decisions, pre-decisional or post decisional hearing, exclusion of natural justice, effect of breach of natural justice- Administrative tribunals: Definition, reasons of growth, administrative tribunal distinguished from court, working of tribunals, administrative tribunals and principles of natural justice- overview of Administrative tribunal Act, 1980, Effect of finality clause- decisions of Administrative Tribunals and judicial review, doctrine of res judicata- Exclusion of judicial Review: Provisions in England, USA, Bangladesh, India- Judicial review of Administrative Discretion: Meaning, failure to exercise discretion, abuse of discretion- Judicial and Other remedies: prerogative remedies- various types of writs- Public interest litigation-Ombudsman- Liability of the Government: Contractual and tortuous liability- debate: Sovereign and non sovereign function-doctrine of estoppel- Public Corporation: Definition, classification, rights and liabilities of public corporation- control of public corporation – Constitutional provision on local government

 

ADR 423: Alternative Dispute Resolution and Trial Advocacy

A. Alternative Dispute Resolution

Concept of ADR, Why ADR? Emergence of ADR in different Jurisdictions, Supplementary or Complementary to Litigation, Different forms of ADR– Mediation, conciliation, arbitration, mini trial etc., Salish in Bangladesh, Arbitration Act,

B. Trial Advocacy:

Thinking like a lawyer, Client interviewing, Marshalling of facts, Consultation, Case strategy and planning, opening statement, Examination of witnesses, Cross examination, closing arguments, plea bargaining etc.

The books, papers, case materials are to be supplied by the teacher.

DRAFT 431: Drafting and Conveyance

Law and Principles of Drafting and Conveyance. Distinction between Deeds and other Documents. Sale of Immovable Property: Essentials of a Sale, How to Prepare a Sale Deed, How to Prepare a Contract for Sale Deed (Bayna nama). Mortgage: Essentials of a Mortgage, How to Prepare a Mortgage Deed. Lease: Essentials of a Lease, How to Prepare a Lease Deed. Agreements—various kinds of agreement, essential of agreements, how to prepare various kinds of agreements. Exchange of Properties: Essentials of Exchange, How to prepare an Exchange Deed. Gift or Hiba: Essentials of Gift or Hiba, How to Prepare a Gift or Hiba Deed. Waqf or Trust: Essentials of a Wafq or Trust, How to prepare a Waqf or Trust Deed. Will or Wasiyat: Essentials of a Will or Wasiyat, How to prepare a Will Deed or Wasiyat Nama. Power of Attorney. Essentials of Power of Attorney, How to prepare a Power of Attorney. Notice: Different Kinds of Notice, How to prepare different kinds of Notice. Affidavits: Different kinds of affidavits, How to prepare different kinds of affidavits. Drafting of an enactment of Parliament

THSIS 432: Project and Thesis

Project and thesis is designed in order to obtain a better knowledge and understanding of any problem of legal philosophy, legal history, and comparative study of any law or any system of positive law, international or municipal. Students will have to dig up facts, unearth new data and discern relationship between facts already known. In furtherance of that the students will have to write up a thesis paper under the supervision of a scholar.

Ext 433: Externship with NGOs

Externship program is designed to add a novelty in clinical legal education. The program will facilitate the students to work with leading human rights oriented NGOs and NGOs engaged in Para legal activities in diverse parts of Bangladesh. It is intended that the externship program will create an impetus among the students and it will contribute in sensitizing and exposing them to the society and people at large.

VIVA- 434: VIVA-VOCE

The students will have to face a viva board as the last area of study about the overall honors courses.

VU follows the following Letter Grade and Grade Point system introduced by the UGC as a uniform grading system for all public and private universities:

Numerical Grade

Letter Grade

Grade Point

80% and above

A+

4.00

75% to less than 80%

A

3.75

70% to less than 75%

A-

3.50

65% to less than 70%

B+

3.25

60% to less than 65%

B

3.00

55% to less than 60%

B-

2.75

50% to less than 55%

C+

2.50

45% to less than 50%

C

2.25

40% to less than 45%

D

2.00

Less than 40%

F

0.00

a. The Letter Grade A+, A, A-, B+, B-, B, C+, C and D are considered as pass grades.

b. An f grade is considered as ‘FAIL’ and in such cases students must go for a retake.

c. After completion of the program, the final transcript will be issued mentioning Letter Grade, Corresponding Grade Points, Attempted Credit, Earned Credit and CGPA.

d. Numerical marks in the Grade Sheet/Transcript will not be shown.

 

Final Result Preparation:

The Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) will be computed according to the following formula:

CGPA =  Sum of ( Earned Credit X Corresponding GradePoints) / Total Credits