A Cross-Sectional Study of Glycemic Status and its Effects on Oral Hygiene Condition of the Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients in Bangladesh

Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterised by hyperglycemia due to an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. It is a heterogeneous primary disorder of carbohydrate metabolism with multiple etiologic factors that generally involve absolute or relative insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, or both. Objective: Aim of this study is to find out the differences in the oral health condition of the diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted where 120 samples were distributed equally among both diabetic and non-diabetic respondents. Results: Regarding age group, mean age of the diabetic group was 42.42 ± 16.232 and non-diabetic group was 39.40 ± 15.086. For educational status, most of the diabetic and non-diabetic patients read in class VI-XII, which is 30% for each group. The mean income of the non-diabetes group (29800.00 ± 15731.648) is greater than the diabetes group (27700.00 ± 11962.229), which is associated with quality of life. In this study, only 23.3% of diabetes and 33.3% of non-diabetes respondents had good oral hygiene. The mean value of the oral health of the diabetes group was 2.38 ± 1.027 and the non-diabetes was 1.98 ± 0.854, which indicates the worse oral health of the diabetes patient. Periodontitis was absent in 40% of the diabetic and in 63.3% of the non-diabetic patients. Conclusion: This study revealed that the non-diabetic population had a better oral health condition than the diabetic population, and sociodemographic conditions had a significant role to maintain and control both diabetes and the oral hygiene condition of the diabetic population. Keywords: Glycemic status, Diabetes, Non-diabetes, Oral health, Periodontitis.