Enhancing Renewable Energy Utilization in Photovoltaic Microgrids Using MPPT Control, Smart Switching, and Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing

The growing global demand for sustainable energy highlights the increasing importance of renewable sources; however, efficient management and distribution within microgrids remain major challenges. Persistent issues include operational inefficiencies, security vulnerabilities, and suboptimal resource allocation. Conventional platforms such as SCADA and EMS often struggle to accommodate decentralized generation and to respond effectively to dynamic energy consumption patterns. To address these limitations, this study presents a microgrid energy management framework specifically designed for renewable-based systems, aiming to optimize energy distribution, enhance system security, and streamline transactional processes. The proposed framework employs smart circuit mechanisms to facilitate secure and verifiable energy exchanges, thereby improving consistency and transparency in smart grid operations. Overall, the approach enhances the reliability of renewable energy integration and supports the wider adoption of clean energy technologies.