A Novel AB2 Type Mikto-arm Star Poly[(Caprolactone)(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate)2] Copolymer: Synthesis, Characterization, and Pioneering Anticancer Drug Delivery Applications

A groundbreaking advancement in polymer architecture, the AB2 type Mikto-arm star copolymer, comprised of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) and two poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) branches. The synthesis methodology involves a meticulous process to prepare tri-arm initiator having different initiating site and controlled polymerization, resulting in the formation of the AB2 type Mikto-arm star copolymer. The polymerization was carried out via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in a controlled manner. Different analytical methods, like Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used. Characterization efforts encompass comprehensive investigations into the copolymer's molecular weight, polydispersity, chemical structure and thermal behavior. Our research culminates in the pioneering application of this Mikto-arm star copolymer in anticancer drug delivery. The unique design, characterized by a hydrophobic PCL arm and hydrophilic PHEMA arms, demonstrates exceptional potential in revolutionizing drug delivery systems. The copolymer's attributes enable the encapsulation of hydrophobic anticancer drugs, improving solubility and facilitating controlled release, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the biocompatible nature of this copolymer holds promise for precise drug targeting to cancer cells, minimizing off-target effects and reducing side effects.