Abstract
Background: Hypertension, particularly uncontrolled hypertension, is known to
impact various organ systems, including the hematological profile. Differences
in hematological parameters between controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive
patients remain underexplored. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the
differences in hematological profiles between controlled and uncontrolled
hypertensive patients, with a focus on red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets,
hemoglobin levels, and inflammatory markers. Methods: A hospital-based
observational study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Barind
Medical College, Rajshahi, from January 2023 to December 2024. A total of 142
hypertensive patients were enrolled, divided equally into two groups: controlled
(n=71) and uncontrolled (n=71). Hematological parameters were measured using
standard laboratory methods. The study utilized SPSS software for data analysis,
and statistical tests included independent t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA),
and Pearson's correlation. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: The
controlled hypertensive group showed significantly lower platelet aggregation
(mean ± SD: 220.5±15.3) compared to the uncontrolled group (mean ± SD:
275.4±18.6), with a p-value of 0.001. Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher
in the controlled group (14.1±1.2 g/dL) compared to the uncontrolled group
(12.9±1.1 g/dL), p=0.002. A significant negative correlation was found between
blood pressure control and white blood cell count (r = -0.42, p=0.005).
Inflammatory markers (ESR and CRP) were notably elevated in the uncontrolled
group. Conclusion: Uncontrolled hypertension significantly affects
hematological parameters, including platelet aggregation, hemoglobin levels,
and inflammatory markers, highlighting the importance of effective blood
pressure control in mitigating these alterations.
Keywords: Hypertension, Hematological Profile, Platelet Aggregation,
Inflammatory Markers, Blood Pressure Control.
